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Rabu, 10 Juni 2009

Bacteria and Food Poisoning

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that around 80 million people a year in the U.S. alone contract food poisoning or other foodborne diseases.
Foodborne illness is caused by eating or drinking food that contains disease causing agents. The most common causes of foodborne diseases are bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Foods containing toxic chemicals can cause foodborne diseases as well.
There are over two hundred types of bacteria, viruses and parasites that can cause foodborne diseases. Reactions to these germs can range from mild gastric discomfort to death. The easiest way to prevent foodborne illness is to properly handle and cook foods. This includes washing your hands and utensils carefully and cooking meat thoroughly.
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Below is a list of a few bacteria that cause foodborne diseases, along with the foods that are associated with them, as well as symptoms that are likely to develop from ingesting the contaminated foods.

Bacteria and Food Poisoning
Microbe - Aeromonas hydrophila
Affiliated Foods - Fish, Shellfish, Beef, Pork, Lamb, and Poultry

Diseases - Gastroenteritis, Septicemia
Symptoms - Diarrhea, Blood and Mucus in Stool


Microbe - Bacillus cereu
Affiliated Foods - Meats, Milk, Rice, Potato, and Cheese Products
Diseases - B. cereus Food Poisoning
Symptoms - Diarrhea, Abdominal Cramps, Nausea

Microbe - Campylobacter jejuni
Affiliated Foods - Raw Chicken, Unpasteurized Milk, Non-chlorinated Water
Diseases - B. cereus Campylobacteriosis
Symptoms - Diarrhea, Abdominal Cramps, Nausea and Fever, Headache and Muscle Pain

Microbe - Clostridium botulinum
Affiliated Foods - Canned Foods Including: Vegetables, Meats, and Soups
Diseases - Foodborne Botulism
Symptoms - Weakness, Double Vision and Vertigo, Difficulty in Speaking, Swallowing, and Breathing, Constipation

Microbe - Clostridium perfringens
Affiliated Foods - Non-refrigerated Prepared Foods: Meats and Meat Products, Gravy
Diseases - Perfringens Food Poisoning
Symptoms - Severe Abdominal Cramps, Diarrhea

Microbe - Escherichia coli O157:H7
Affiliated Foods - Undercooked Meats, Raw Ground Beef
Diseases - Hemorrhagic colitis
Symptoms - Severe Abdominal Pain, Watery and Bloody Diarrhea, Vomiting

Microbe - Listeria monocytogenes
Affiliated Foods - Dairy Products, Raw Vegetables, Raw Meats, Smoked Fish
Diseases - Listeriosis
Symptoms - Flu-like Symptoms, Persistent Fever, Nausea and Vomiting, Diarrhea

Microbe - Salmonella spp.
Affiliated Foods - Poultry and Eggs, Milk and Dairy Products, Raw Meats, Fish, Shrimp, Peanut Butter
Diseases - Salmonellosis
Symptoms - Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal Pain, Fever, Headache, Diarrhea

Microbe - Shigella spp
Affiliated Foods - Poultry, Milk and Dairy Products, Raw Vegetables, Fecally contaminated water, Salads: Potato, Chicken, Tuna, Shrimp
Diseases - Shigellosis
Symptoms - Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, Fever, Vomiting, Blood or Mucus in Stool

Microbe - Staphylococcus aureus
Affiliated Foods - Poultry and Egg Products, Meat Products, Dairy Products
Diseases - Staphyloenterotoxicosis, Staphyloenterotoxemia
Symptoms - Abdominal Cramping, Nausea and Vomiting, Prostration

Microbe - Vibrio cholerae
Affiliated Foods - Contaminated Water, Shellfish
Diseases - Cholera
Symptoms - Watery Diarrhea, Abdominal Pain, Dehydration, Vomiting, Shock

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